CBSE CLASS 12 READING COMPREHENSION WITH SOLUTION 8

 Read the passage given below:

BALANCING THE SCALES

Artificial intelligence (AI) is making a difference to how legal work is done, but it isn’t

the threat it is made out to be. AI is making impressive progress and shaking up

things all over the world today. The assumption that advancements in technology and

artificial intelligence will render any profession defunct is just that, an assumption and

a false one. The only purpose this assumption serves is creating mass panic and

hostility towards embracing technology that is meant to make our lives easier.

Let us understand what this means explicitly for the legal world. The ambit of AI

includes recognizing human speech and objects, making decisions based on data,

and translating languages. Tasks that can be defined as ‘search-and-find’ type can

be performed by AI.

Introducing AI to this profession will primarily be for the purpose of automating

mundane, tedious tasks that require negligible human intelligence. The kind of

artificial intelligence that is employed by industries in the current scene, when

extended to law will enable quicker services at a lower price. AI is meant to

automate a number of tasks that take up precious working hours lawyers could be

devoting to tasks that require discerning, empathy, and trust- qualities that cannot be

replicated by even the most sophisticated form of AI. The legal profession is one of

the oldest professions in the world. Thriving over a 1000 years; trust, judgement, and

diligence are the pillars of this profession. The most important pillar is the relationship

of trust between a lawyer and clients, which can only be achieved through human

connection and interaction.

While artificial intelligence can be useful in scanning and organizing documents

pertaining to a case, it cannot perform higher-level tasks such as sharp decisionmaking, relationship-building with valuable clients and writing legal briefs, advising

clients, and appearing in court. These are over and above the realm of

computerization.

The smooth proceeding of a case is not possible without sound legal research. While

presenting cases lawyers need to assimilate information in the form of legal research

by referring to a number of relevant cases to find those that will favour their client’s

motion. Lawyers are even required to thoroughly know the opposing stand and

supporting legal arguments they can expect to prepare a watertight defense strategy.

AI, software that operates on natural language enables electronic discovery of

information relevant to a case, contract reviews, and automation generation of legal

documents.

AI utilizes big-data analytics which enables visualization of case data. It also allows

for creation of a map of the cases which were cited in previous cases and their

resulting verdicts, as per the website Towards Data Science. The probability of a

positive outcome of a case can be predicted by leveraging predictive analytics with

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machine learning. This is advantageous to firms as they can determine the return on

investment in litigation and whether an agreement or arbitration should be

considered. (484 Words)

(https://www.thehindu.com/education/balancing-the-scales/article26895865.ece)

(a) On the basis of your understanding of the above passage, make notes on it

using headings and sub-headings. Use recognizable abbreviations (wherever

necessary-minimum four) and a format you consider suitable. Also supply an

appropriate title to it.

(b) Write a summary of the passage in about 80 words

(a) NOTE MAKING

Distribution of Marks

Title:

1 mark

Abbreviations / Symbols (with /without key) – any four:

1 mark

Content (minimum 4 headings and sub-headings, with proper

indentation and notes):

2marks

If a student has attempted only summary or only notes, due credit

should be given.

1 mark allotted for the title be given if a student has written the title.

Content must be divided into heading and sub headings .

Any title, main points and sub points may be accepted if they are

indicative of the candidate’s understanding of the given passage, and

the notes include the main points, with suitable and recognizable

abbreviations.

Complete sentences not to be accepted as notes. (In such cases ½ –1 

mark may be deducted from marks awarded to content)

Numbering of points may be indicated in different ways, as long as a

consistent pattern is followed.

Suggested Points:

Title: Artificial Intelligence: Not a threat

NOTES

1. Not a threat

1.1 is a help

1.2 makes life easier

1.3 no profession defunct

2. AI will help legal field

2.1 recog human speech and object

2.2 making decisions based on data

2.3 translates langs

2.4 do search and find tasks

3. AI cannot perform high level tasks like

3.1 writing legal briefs

3.2 advising clients

3.3 apprng in courts

3.4 sharp decision making

4. Function of AI

4.1 collates data

4.2 predicts probable outcomes

4.3 tells return on invst

4.4 considering agreement or arbitration

Key to Abbreviations

Word Abbreviation

Artificial Intelligence AI

recognises Recog

languages langs

appearing Apprng

investment invt

Summary

Artificial Intelligence is not a threat but makes life easier especially in

the legal field. It cannot perform certain high level tasks like writing legal

briefs, advising clients, making sharp decisions and appearing in

courts. It can collate data, aid research and decisions based on data,

recognize human speech and translate languages. It can also predict

probable outcomes, tell return on investment, consider agreement or

arbitration and is thus advantageous to legal firms